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Chemistry Nobel Prize 2011: Daniel Shechtman, the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa

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Daniel Shechtman researcher from Technion - Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, received on Wednesday the 2011 Nobel Prize for chemistry, inform nobelprize.org.

Israeli scientist was awarded to Daniel Shechtman cvasicristalelor discovery, announced Wednesday, the Nobel committee.

"Nobel laureate for chemistry in 2011 has fundamentally changed the concept that chemists they had about a solid body", reads the communique issued by the Nobel committee.

On 8 April 1982, Israeli scientist discovered a crystal that "atoms were assembled according to a pattern that could not be repeated", contradicting the laws of nature, says the communique Royal Academy of Sciences in Sweden.

This discovery, called quasicrystal corresponds to "fascinating mosaics in the Arab world, reproduced in the atom: a regular form that is not repeated again."

Assembly of atoms in the quasicrystal is very compact and enables them to strengthen the structures of materials with commercial uses, such as frying pans and various machines such as diesel engines, which are subject to very high temperatures and pressures.

Until this discovery, scientists believed that atoms in a solid body to combine consistent with a symmetrical pattern that can be repeated periodically to form a crystal.

Electron microscope image appears in the teacher Shechtman was so improbable, that the discovery of Israeli scientist has long been refuted by the scientific community, the Nobel committee said.

This discovery was considered highly controversial as impossible as "just making a balloon using hexagonal shaped pieces, given that we already know that it takes and pentagonal shaped pieces."

"Aperiodice mosaics, such as those found in the palace of Alhambra in Spain and i-Imam shrine in Iran Darb and helped scientists understand what resembles cvasicristalele atomic level," explained the jury.

The structure cvasicristalelor, why atoms are regular, following the mathematical rules, but not repeated.

Daniel Shechtman was born in 1941 in Tel Aviv. In 1972, he obtained his doctorate in science at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa, where is the professor emeritus.

In 2010, the Nobel Prize for chemistry was awarded to researchers Richard Heck, they Negishi and Akira Suzuki-Ichi, for studies in organic synthesis.

Nobel prizes for 2011 season began Monday, when researchers Bruce Beutler (USA), Jules Hoffmann (Luxembourg) and Ralph Steinman (Canada) were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their research of the immune system.

Tuesday, Saul Perlmutter researchers (USA), Brian P. Schmidt (USA / Australia) and Adam G. Riess (U.S.) were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2011 for their research on the expansion of the universe.

Nobel prize winner will be announced Thursday.

Nobel Peace Prize - awarded only to Norway, according to the founder's wish prestigious awards, Alfred Nobel - will be announced Friday.

Nobel Prize in economics will be awarded Monday, October 10.

Winners will receive a gold medal and a prize of 10 million Swedish kronor (1.08 million), which can be split between up to three winners in each category.

Nobel Prizes are awarded in 1901, except for economics, established in 1968 by Sweden's central bank, to commemorate 300 years since the founding of this institution. The awards were created by Swedish engineer Alfred Nobel's death (1833 - 1896), inventor of dynamite, according to his will in testament.